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Starting February, Gmail will require you to authenticate outgoing email, avoid sending unwanted or unsolicited email (meaning to use SPF, DKIM, DMARC and some more) if you're a "bulk sender" sending over 5k emails/day to Gmail.

Few points I've learned when checking the requirement:
- only messages to personal Gmail accounts count towards the 5k/day limit

- emails from both @​example.​com and @​foo.​example.​com count towards the "example.​com" limit

- once a bulk sender, always a bulk sender

- you can use DMARC with p=none policy which basically means "I have a DMARC record but...", it's a good starting point and makes sense when used with rua ("send me aggregated reports") to check how you're doing before switching to p=quarantine ("your" messages that don't pass SPF/DKIM checks end up in spam folders") or p=reject (such messages are rejected)

- enforcement for bulk senders will be gradual and progressive: small percentage of non-compliant emails will see temporary errors in February, in April In April 2024, Gmail we’ll start rejecting a percentage of non-compliant email traffic, gradually increasing the percentage of rejected emails

Another requirement is a one-click unsubscribe which bulk senders have until June 1, 2024 to implement.

There's a lot of info out there and I found these two pages the most helpful: this one is a bit higher-level support.google.com/a/answer/81
and this one has all the details:
support.google.com/a/answer/14

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